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N-VA (12) * PS (9) * CD&V (8) * MR (8) * / Ecolo (3) * VLD (5) * sp.a (5) * cdH (4)}} * VB (2) * | committees1 = | voting_system1 = Indirect election | term_length = 5 years | last_election1 = 25 May 2014 | next_election1 = 2019 | session_room = Hemicycle of the belgian senat (2).JPG | session_res = | meeting_place = Palace of the Nation, Brussels | website = http://www.senate.be/ }} The Senate (Dutch: , (フランス語:le Sénat), (ドイツ語:der Senat)) is one of the two chambers of the bicameral Federal Parliament of Belgium, the other being the Chamber of Representatives. It is considered to be the "upper house" of the Federal Parliament.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Introduction in Belgian Parliamentary History )〕 Created in 1831 as a chamber fully equal to the Chamber of Representatives, it has undergone several reforms in the past, most notably in 1993 and the reform of 2014 following the sixth Belgian state reform. The 2014 elections were the first ones without a direct election of senators. Instead, the new Senate is completely composed of members of community and regional parliaments and co-opted members. It is a chamber of the communities and regions and serves as a platform for discussion and reflection about matters between the different language communities. The Senate now only plays a very minor role in the federal legislative process. ==History== After the Belgian Revolution, the National Congress decided about the Belgian Constitution and the state structure. A bicameral Parliament was chosen over a unicameral one, due to fears of more democratic and progressive decisions in the Chamber of Representatives, as was seen in France. Thus the Senate served as a more conservative and elite body. To be eligible, one had to pay 1000 florins, which meant that at that time, only about 4000 persons could be elected. In the past, French was the sole language of government in Belgium, and it was not until 1913 that Dutch was used in Parliament, by the liberal senator Emmanuel De Cloedt, which the French-speaking pro-Catholic newspaper ''La Libre Belgique'' described as ''séparatisme parlementaire'' ("parliamentary separatism").〔(Dutch) (Flahaut en Pieters Kamer- en Senaatsvoorzitter )〕 The Flemish nationalist party New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) (which became the largest party in 2010), among other Flemish parties, said in 2010 that they want to abolish the Senate.〔(Dutch) (Danny Pieters (N-VA) nieuwe voorzitter van 'af te schaffen Senaat' )〕 The French-speaking parties, however, want to keep the Senate. During the 2010–2011 Belgian government formation, it has been decided that the Senate would no longer be directly elected and instead become a meeting place for members of the various regional parliaments. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Senate (Belgium)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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